Магнитные головки картридеров банкоматов: NCR, Diebold, Wincor и Hyosung — руководство по совместимости
Практическая кросс-таблица для магнитных головок dip- и моторизованных картридеров — Diebold IX, Wincor V2X / V2CU / ID18, серия NCR 998-091 и Hyosung — со спецификациями чтения/записи, OEM-артикулами и известными взаимозаменами.
Анатомия головки картридера банкомата
An ATM card reader is a deceptively simple subsystem: a magnetic head reads (and on some models writes) the three tracks of magnetic stripe data as a card is fed past it, while a feed-roller assembly transports the card. Of the dozens of failure modes a field tech encounters, three quarters trace back to the magnetic head — wear from repeated card passes, contamination from dust and adhesive residue, or end-of-life coil degradation.
The magnetic head itself contains tiny coils (one per track — three for full-coverage readers) wound around ferrite cores. As the cardholder dips and the magnetic stripe passes the head, the changing magnetic field induces a small voltage in the coils; the controller amplifies and decodes that signal back into ASCII track data.
Только-чтение vs чтение/запись — и почему это важно
Heads come in two electrical flavours that look identical to the eye:
- LoCo (low-coercivity), read-only. Reads standard 300 oersted magnetic stripes. Cheaper. Used in older deposit-only or balance-only ATMs.
- HiCo (high-coercivity), read & write. Reads and re-writes 2,750 oersted stripes — the standard for modern bank-issued cards. Required for any ATM that updates the magnetic stripe (rare today) or for closed-loop loyalty / transit cards. The right default for any modern install.
Основные производители — общий обзор
The four ATM brands that dominate the global installed base — NCR, Diebold (now Diebold Nixdorf), Wincor (now part of Diebold Nixdorf), and Hyosung — all source their magnetic head assemblies from a small upstream OEM pool. The visible end-product is branded differently, but the head itself is often physically identical.
| NCR | Diebold | Wincor | Hyosung | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Common dip-reader assembly | MCRW (998-091 series) | IX series (39-013920-D etc.) | ICM 300 / 330 | Sankyo CRT-572 derivatives |
| Common motorised assembly | DIP/MCRW hybrids | ECRM family | V2X / V2CU / ID18 | MCRF series |
| Coercivity (default) | HiCo | HiCo | HiCo | HiCo |
| Track configuration | 3-track | 3-track | 3-track | 3-track |
| Typical OEM lifespan | 18–36 months | 18–36 months | 18–36 months | 12–24 months |
Таблица кросс-референсов артикулов
The single biggest time-saver when ordering replacements is knowing which OEM part numbers map onto the same upstream physical assembly. The interchange table below covers the most common dip-reader heads — independently confirmed across ATMParts.net and ATMHeads.com cross-references and decades of field swaps.
| Wincor | NCR | Diebold | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dip head — standard 3-track | ICM 300 | 998-091-1138 | IX 39-013920-D | Same upstream Sankyo assembly |
| Dip head — Opteva-compat | ICM 330 | 998-091-1147 | Opteva 89-030528000A | Centric / Opteva variant |
| Motorised — V2X / ECRM | V2X HiCo head | (N/A direct) | ECRM equiv. | V2X family fits V2CU in most cases |
| Motorised — V2CU / ID18 | V2CU head | (N/A direct) | (N/A direct) | Smart card + magnetic combo |
Отличить отказ головки от других неисправностей ридера
Before assuming the head, run these field-proven checks — they take 5 minutes and eliminate the most common false positives:
- 1
Run the operator-mode read test
Every ATM platform (NCR APTRA, Diebold Agilis, Wincor ProBase) has a “card read self-test” in operator mode. Use a known-good test card. If track amplitude on track 2 is < 60% of nominal, the head is suspect. - 2
Try a different physical card
Worn cardholder cards with faded stripes routinely produce false “reader failed” alerts. Grab a brand new card before condemning the head. - 3
Clean the head and feed path
Run a card-reader cleaning card through the slot 3–5 times. Roughly one in three “dead head” tickets resolves at this step. - 4
Inspect the FFC connector and harness
Open the reader, reseat the head's flex cable, and confirm no broken pins. Cracked connectors mimic a dead head and replace much cheaper. - 5
Replace the head only after the four checks above fail
At this point you have isolated the head as the failure. Confirm the part number cross-reference and proceed to the replacement walkthrough below.
Пошаговая процедура замены
- 1
Power down the ATM and isolate the reader
Take the ATM offline, power off at the main switch, and pull the card-reader module out per the OEM service manual. Read-write heads carry residual voltage — wait 60 seconds before opening.Caution: Always work with a grounded ESD strap; magnetic heads are static-sensitive. - 2
Remove the worn head
Disconnect the FFC cable from the controller PCB. Remove the two retaining screws on the head bracket and lift the head free. Note the orientation — heads are usually keyed but pushing one in backwards damages the alignment shim. - 3
Clean the seat and the feed-roller path
Wipe the head's seat with a swab dipped in 99% isopropyl alcohol. Inspect the feed-roller's rubber surface — if it's glazed or has a visible groove, replace it now (much cheaper than a return visit). - 4
Install the new head and reseat the FFC
Drop the new head into the bracket, ensure the alignment pins seat fully, re-secure both screws to the manufacturer's torque spec (usually 2–3 N·m), and reseat the FFC fully into its ZIF socket. - 5
Re-mount, power on, and re-run the read test
Slide the reader back into the ATM, restore power, and run the operator-mode read self-test on a known-good card. All three tracks should report full amplitude.
Что спросить у поставщика перед покупкой
The aftermarket for ATM card-reader heads has wide quality variance — from tier-1 manufacturers selling the same upstream assembly under their own brand, to unbranded heads with mismatched coercivity that look identical in product photos. The four-question screen below catches the vast majority of bad listings:
- What is the OEM part-number cross-reference? A good supplier publishes this without being asked. If they can't tell you which Wincor / NCR / Diebold part it replaces, walk away.
- HiCo or LoCo? The default for any modern bank ATM is HiCo. Suppliers who can't immediately answer haven't tested the part.
- What is the resistance (Ω) per track? Quality suppliers test and specify this. It's the diagnostic for counterfeit heads — the real OEM spec is published in service manuals.
- Warranty period and return policy? Reputable aftermarket heads carry 6–12 months. “No returns” or “sold as-is” is a red flag.
Часто задаваемые вопросы
Как понять, нужна головка только-чтение или чтение/запись?
Взаимозаменяемы ли Wincor V2X и V2CU?
Почему поставщики указывают NCR, Diebold и Wincor как 'одну и ту же головку'?
Каков типичный срок службы головки картридера банкомата?
Можно ли безопасно установить aftermarket-головку картридера?
Нужно ли калибровать ридер после замены головки?
Источники и дополнительные материалы
- Wincor Nixdorf V2CU Card Reader Head — product specifications — atm-machineparts.com
- Diebold, NCR & Wincor Three-Channel Dip Reader Heads — cross reference — ATMParts.net
- Wincor V2X / V2CU / ID18 / HiCo head part numbers — ATMHeads.com
- Magnetic Heads for ATM, Swipe, Dip & Insert Card Reader Systems — MagneticHeads.com
- Wincor HiCo ATM card reader heads for V2X & ID18 — ATMParts.net
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